根據(jù)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)，央行對于氣候風(fēng)險可能采取的應(yīng)對措施主要在以下四個方面：

1、將與氣候有關(guān)的風(fēng)險納入金融穩(wěn)定監(jiān)測和宏觀審慎監(jiān)督。與氣候變化有關(guān)的風(fēng)險有可能成為一種系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險，特別是在市場沒有對風(fēng)險進(jìn)行正確定價的時候。未來應(yīng)監(jiān)測和分析氣候變化及其他沖擊可能對貨幣政策傳導(dǎo)效率、經(jīng)濟周期、各銀行和金融穩(wěn)健程度的影響（NGFS, 2019；Giuzio, et al., 2019）。

2、將可持續(xù)性因素納入自有資產(chǎn)的投資組合管理。比如，將環(huán)境、社會和治理（ESG）納入央行自有資金和養(yǎng)老金投資組合的考量因素（NGFS, 2019）。

3、共享數(shù)據(jù)，彌補數(shù)據(jù)差距。應(yīng)該加強企業(yè)的信息披露，公開透明的信息將有助于氣候變化中的價格平穩(wěn)（NGFS, 2019; Carney, 2015）。

4、提高管理能力，鼓勵技術(shù)援助和知識共享。提高央行自身的監(jiān)管能力，并與更多利益相關(guān)方合作，提高他們對于氣候風(fēng)險如何轉(zhuǎn)化為金融風(fēng)險的了解。同時，鼓勵有關(guān)各方為提高對新興和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟體的認(rèn)識和管理能力提供技術(shù)援助（NGFS, 2019）。 

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